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Departmental-Affiliated
Concentration Programs

These programs are designed to give students a similar background in Environmental Studies through the core courses common to each concentration and also allow specialization in a particular discipline. There are options (see below) for students to take courses other than ENST 200 and ENST 201 to fulfill the ENST core course requirements. However, all students must take at least one of these integral courses in the ENST Program. To fulfill ENST graduation requirements, students must possess a minimum overall GPA of at least 2.0 in all courses, both ENST core courses and those taken in one of the departmentally-affiliated concentrations. We strongly recommend that students consult with a member of the advisory committee about their concentration plans during their first year at Colgate. Also, there are possibilities for students interested in environmental studies to concentrate in a discipline other than Environmental Biology, Environmental Economics, Environmental Geography, or Environmental Geology. Students interested in this option should speak with the Division Director for the division in which they wish to concentrate about the possibilities of designing a special, topical concentration.

Honors and High Honors: Students wishing to earn honors or high honors in one of the departmentally-affiliated concentrations will follow the requirements listed for biology, economics, geography, or geology concentrations depending on the host department. However, the courses used in calculating the GPA must be all those courses taken to complete the ENST concentration and not just those from the host department. Students wishing to pursue honors or high honors should consult with the ENST Program Director and the Chair of the affiliated department in the spring of their junior year.


Environmental Biology

This concentration program provides the student with a focus on biological systems and how organisms interact with the abiotic and biotic components of the environment. It also provides a breadth of exposure to environmental studies beyond just the field of biology. Below is the listing of courses required for this concentration.

Environmental Studies Core Courses: (5 Courses)
At least one of the ENST courses, 200 or 201, must be taken. The second of the ENST core requirements can be fulfilled by the recommended alternatives suggested under 1 and 2 below.

1. ENST 200 or BIOL 201 - Ecology and one of the following: GEOL 210 (Hydrology and Surficial Geology)GEOG 301 (Weather and Climate).

2. ENST 201 or with the approval of the Program Director at least two of the following only one from each department: GEOG 206 (Environmental Issues), GEOG 314 (Population Issues), ECON 326 (Environmental Economics) or ECON 356 (Natural Resource Economics).

3. Methods Course - one of the following: BIOL 220 (Biostatistics) or GEOG 345 Geographic Information Systems.

4. Either CORE 114 (Ecology, Ethics and Wilderness) or PHIL 227 (Philosophy of Nature).

5. ENST 480 or other 400-level course approved by the concentration advisor and Program Director. This requirement may also be met by completion of a semester length project, upon approval of the concentration advisor and Program Director.

Biology Courses: (5 Courses)

1. BIOL 201 - Ecology
2. Either BIOL 203 - Genetics or BIOL 202 - Cell Biology
3. BIOL 320 - Introduction to Phycology and Aquatic Macrophytes
4. Either BIOL 210 - Vertebrate Environmental Physiology or BIOL 461 - Animal Behavior
5. BIOL 335 - Limnology or BIOL 330 - Conservation Biology

Other Required Courses: (2-4 Courses)

1. CHEM 101/102 or CHEM 111 - General Chemistry

2. Any one of the following:
i) CHEM 263/264 - Organic Chemistry
ii) PHYS 111/112 - Introductory Physics
iii) Two mathematically-based courses from the following list: Biostatistics (BIOL 220), MATH 111 (Calculus I), or MATH 112 (Calculus II).

Students who wish to pursue graduate study or a career in the general area of Environmental Biology should consider taking both BIOL 202 and 203 as well as both organic chemistry (CHEM 263/264) and physics (PHYS 111/112).


Environmental Geography Concentration

This academic program engages students in the interrelations between human systems and the natural environment. The concentration combines department courses with the foundation built in the environmental studies core courses. In collaboration with their academic advisor in geography, environmental geography students will select a specific theme within environmental studies on which to focus. This component of the concentration combines courses in the Geography Department with courses offered in other relevant disciplines. The requirements for the concentration are presented below.

Environmental Studies Core Courses: (6-8 Courses)
At least one of the ENST courses, 200 or 201, must be taken. The second of these two ENST core courses may be fulfilled by the recommended alternatives suggested under 1 and 2 below.

1. ENST 200. GEOG 102 (Introduction to Environmental Geography with a laboratory) also fulfills this requirement. Students who have taken BIOL 201 (Ecology) plus GEOL 210 (Hydrology and Surficial Geology) may request to have these courses fulfill this requirement with approval of the Program Director.

2. ENST 201. Students who have taken GEOG 206 (Environmental Issues) prior to entering the program may have the option of combining GEOG 206 with either ECON 326 (Environmental Economics) or ECON 356 (Natural Resource Economics) to fulfill this requirement with the approval of the Program Director.

3. Either CORE 114 (Ecology, Ethics and Wilderness) or PHIL 227 (Philosophy of Nature).

4. Methods Courses:
GEOG 225 Quantitative Methods in the Social Sciences
GEOG 340 Cartography and Map Analysis or GEOG 345 Geographic Information Systems

5. ENST 480, or GEOG 330 Environmental Impact Assessment, or an internship in environmental policy and planning with the approval of the concentration advisor and the Program Director,.

Other Geography Courses: (3 Courses)

1. One of the following:
GEOG 215 Water Resources and Society
GEOG 301 Weather and Climate
GEOG 306 Biogeography 

2. One of the following:
GEOG 302 Environmental Hazards
GEOG 304 Gender and Environment
GEOG 314 Population Issues and Analysis
GEOG 320 International Development
GEOG 331 Urban Environmental Issues

3. GEOG 401 Senior Seminar

Other Required Courses: (4 Courses)
In consultation with their faculty adviser, students will focus on a subfield of Environmental Geography that reflects their academic interests and career goals. Subfield examples that correspond to Geography faculty expertise include climatology, population studies, gender and the environment, environmental health, environmental systems analysis, geographic information systems (GIS), political economy of the global environment, sustainable agriculture, and sustainable development. Three of the courses in this component of the major will be drawn from disciplines outside of the Geography Department.


Environmental Geology Concentration

This concentration program focuses study on the geological components of the environment, including terrestrial, marine and freshwater systems. The program emphasizes large scale processes in earth systems and how they impact and are impacted by global change. Below is the listing of courses required:

Environmental Studies Core Courses (4-6 Courses)
At least one of the ENST courses, 200 or 201, must be taken. The second of these two ENST core courses may be fulfilled by the recommended alternatives suggested under 1 and 2 below.

1. ENST 200 or one of the following: GEOG 102, Environmental Geography (with lab), GEOL 101, Environmental Geology

2. ENST 201 

3. Either CORE 114, Ecology, Ethics and Wilderness or PHIL 227, Philosophy of Nature.

4. ENST 480 or other 400-level course approved by the concentration advisor and Program Director. This requirement may also be met by completion of a semester length research project, upon approval of the concentration advisor and Program Director.

Geology Courses (7 Courses)

1. Two required courses:
GEOL 201 - Mineralogy
GEOL 203 - Environmental Geochemistry and Analysis

2. Five additional geology courses numbered 200 or higher, including at least one from each of the of the following areas and at least one 400-level course (excluding GEOL 440, 441, 491)

    a.  Nature of the Earth
GEOL 202 - Petrology
GEOL 220 - Volcanology
GEOL 305 - Structural Geology
GEOL 418 -  Tectonics

    b.  Earth Processes
GEOL 302 - Stratigraphy and Sedimentation
GEOL 307 - Coastal Geology
GEOL 330 - Hydrogeology
GEOL 403 - Geochemistry
GEOL 416 - Marine Geology

    c.  Life on Earth
GEOL 215 - History of Life
GEOL 315 - Invertebrate Paleontology
GEOL 415 - Principles of Paleontology
GEOL 426 - Marine Environments:  Ancient and Modern

Students concentrating in Environmental Geology are strongly encouraged to complete the Geology Field Program (GEOL 320) or a similar field experience.

Students who wish to pursue graduate study or a career in the general area of Environmental Geology should supplement their concentration with at least one year of college chemistry, physics and mathematics.


Environmental Economics Concentration

The Environmental Economics concentration program focuses on the relationships between the economic system and the natural environment, the use of the natural environment as an economic asset, and the impact on the natural environment of the economic system. In addition to courses stressing economic analysis, the concentration program includes a study of relevant science and other social sciences. The following courses are required for the concentration:

Environmental Studies Core Courses (4-6 Courses)
At least one of the ENST courses, 200 or 201, must be taken. The second of these two ENST core courses may be fulfilled by the recommended alternatives suggested under 1 and 2 below.

1. ENST 200 - Earth and Environmental Processes. With approval of the program director, this requirement may be met by taking BIOL 201, Ecology plus either GEOL 210 (Hydrology and Surficial Geology) or GEOG 301 (Weather and Climate).

2. ENST 201 - Human Systems, Ecosystems, and Social Science. With approval of the program director, this requirement may be met by taking either GEOG 206 (Environmental Issues) or GEOG 314 (Population Issues).

3. Either CORE 114 (Ecology, Ethics and Wilderness) or PHIL 227 (Philosophy of Nature).

4. One methods course: ECON 302 - Statistical Analysis for Economists.

5. ENST 480 - Interdisciplinary Investigations of Environmental Issues. With approval of the concentration adviser and program director, this requirement may also be met by completion of another 400-level course or semester-length project.


II. Economics Courses
(six)

1. ECON 201 - Introduction to Economics
2. ECON 301 - Intermediate Microeconomics
3. ECON 340 - Intermediate Macroeconomics 
4. ECON 326 - Environmental Economics or ECON 356, Natural Resource Economics. Students interested in pursuing graduate study or a career in the general area of environmental economics are encouraged to take both of these courses.
5. One other economics course numbered 350 or higher, chosen in consultation with the concentration advisor. (ECON 356 cannot be used to fulfill this requirement.) 
6. ECON 480 - Seminar in Environmental and Resource Economics, or, with permission of the concentration advisor and program director, another economics seminar with a research project focused on an environmental or resource issue.

III. Other required courses (three):

Three courses (in addition to those used to fulfill other requirements), chosen in consultation with the concentration advisor. These courses should provide the environmental science background necessary for analyzing environmental policy decisions and/or provide alternative viewpoints for thinking about environmental policy:

1.Earth Systems and Processes courses, choose any two of the following:
BIOL 201, Ecology
BIOL 210, Vertebrate Environmental Physiology
BIOL 320, Introduction to Phycology and Aquatic Plants 
BIOL 330, Conservation Biology
BIOL 335, Limnology
GEOG 102, Introduction to Environmental Geography 
GEOG 301, Weather and Climate 
GEOL 101, Environmental Geology 
GEOL 135, Introduction to Oceanography
GEOL 203, Environmental Geochemistry
GEOL 210, Hydrology and Surficial Geology  
GEOL 225, GeoEnvironments and Natural Resources 
GEOL 307, Coastal Geology  
GEOL 330, Hydrogeology
GEOL 403, Geochemistry  
GEOL 416, Marine Geology

2. Society and the Environment course, choose any one of the following:
CORE 114, Ecology, Ethics, and Wilderness  
ECON 326, Environmental Economics    
ECON 356, Natural Resource Economics  
ENST 319, Energy and Society  
ENST 321Y, Environmental Sustainability after Communism
ENST 330, Global Change     
GEOG 206, Environmental Issues    
GEOG 215, Water Resources and Society  
GEOG 302, Environmental Hazards
GEOG 304, Gender and Environment
GEOG 314, Population Issues  
GEOG 316, Medical Geography and Disease Ecology
GEOG 320, International Development     
GEOG 330, Environmental Impact Assessment  
GEOG 331, Urban Environmental Issues
PHIL 314, Central Concepts in Social and Political Philosophy
PHIL 315, International Ethics  
PHIL 227, Philosophy of Nature  
POSC 317, Politics of Pressure Groups
RELG 236, Religion, Science, and the Environment
RELG 333, Religious Understanding and Social Ethics
SOAN 345, Environmental Politics